Category
Mailboxes for staff. The usual default is Microsoft 365 or Google Workspace, and the two differ sharply on Canada.
Canadian-owned, data in Canada: 1; Not US-owned, data in Canada: 1; US-owned, Canadian region: 2; Data leaves Canada: 4
What to ask any email provider
- Is mailbox content stored at rest in Canada, and is that in the contract or only on a web page?
- Where do spam filtering, search indexing and support staff touch the mail?
- Who owns the company that runs the servers, not only the reseller you buy from?
Canadian-owned, data in Canada
Canadian-owned and data stored in Canada, but the servers belong to AWS, Microsoft or Google, or the vendor does not say whose servers they are.
| Listing | Tier | Stored in Canada? | Owner | Servers run by |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Canadian Web Hosting Email | Tier 2: Canadian-owned, data in Canada | Yes | Canadian | Owner not stated |
Not US-owned, data in Canada
Owned outside Canada and the United States, with data stored in Canada.
| Listing | Tier | Stored in Canada? | Owner | Servers run by |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zoho Mail | Tier 3: Not US-owned, data in Canada | Yes | India | Owner not stated |
US-owned, Canadian region
Data can be stored in Canada, and the owner is a US company.
| Listing | Tier | Stored in Canada? | Owner | Servers run by |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hushmail | Tier 4: US-owned, Canadian region | Yes | US | US company |
| Microsoft Exchange Online | Tier 4: US-owned, Canadian region | Yes | US | US company |
Data leaves Canada
No Canadian storage option, whoever the owner is.
| Listing | Tier | Stored in Canada? | Owner | Servers run by |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fastmail | Tier 5: Data leaves Canada | No | Australia | Not a US company |
| Gmail (Google Workspace) | Tier 5: Data leaves Canada | No | US | US company |
| Proton Mail | Tier 5: Data leaves Canada | No | Switzerland | Not a US company |
| Tuta Mail | Tier 5: Data leaves Canada | No | Germany | Not a US company |